Multiscale eigenelement method for periodical composites: A review

Based on the eigenvector expansion idea, the Multiscale Eigenelement Method (MEM) was proposed by the author and co-workers. MEM satisfies two equivalent conditions, one condition is the equivalence of strain energy, and the other is the deformation similarity. These two equivalent conditions character the structure-preserving property of a multiscale analysis method. The equivalence of strain energy is necessary for achieving accurate macro behaviors such as lower order frequencies, while the deformation similarity is essential for predicting accurate micro behaviors such as stresses. The MEM has become a powerful multiscale method for the analysis of composite structures because of its high accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, the research advances of MEM are reviewed and all types of eigenelement methods are compared, focusing on superiorities and deficiencies from practical viewpoint. It is concluded that the eigenelement methods with smooth shape functions are more suitable for the analysis of macro behaviors such as lower order frequencies, and the eigenelement methods with piecewise shape functions are suitable for the analysis of both macro and micro behaviors.     

压电阻抗技术监测固体推进剂老化研究

为了进一步研究表面粘贴式的主动传感技术——压电阻抗技术(EMI, Electro-Mechanical Impedance)监测固体推进剂的老化,构建了基于线粘弹杆结构的一维机电耦合模型,根据粘弹性波的理论与边界条件进行分析,建立一种线粘弹结构动态模量与其机械阻抗的表征关系,并对构建的机电耦合阻抗模型进行了数值计算及试验验证。针对HTPB固体推进剂开展高温热加速老化试验及压电主动激励试验,根据监测所得导纳频谱并通过提取结构机械阻抗进行分析,结果表明:压电陶瓷片与推进剂结构在高频机电耦合运动时(300kHz,280kHz)有明显的共振现象,结构固有频率高于机电耦合共振频率,并且在200kHz～400kHz频段与700kHz～900kHz频段内,结构机械阻抗频谱峰值会因固体推进剂的热老化时间增长而降低,且与热老化时间之间满足线性关系。由此可见,压电阻抗法能够与固体推进剂在力学性能上建立表征关系,通过得到固体推进剂结构机械阻抗能够监测其老化损伤。     

A drilling tool design and in situ identification of planetary regolith mechanical parameters

The physical and mechanical properties as well as the heat flux of regolith are critical evidence in the study of planetary origin and evolution. Moreover, the mechanical properties of planetary regolith have great value for guiding future human planetary activities. For planetary subsurface exploration, an inchworm boring robot (IBR) has been proposed to penetrate the regolith, and the mechanical properties of the regolith are expected to be simultaneously investigated during the penetration process using the drilling tool on the IBR. This paper provides a preliminary study of an in situ method for measuring planetary regolith mechanical parameters using a drilling tool on a test bed. A conical-screw drilling tool was designed, and its drilling load characteristics were experimentally analyzed. Based on the drilling tool-regolith interaction model, two identification methods for determining the planetary regolith bearing and shearing parameters are proposed. The bearing and shearing parameters of lunar regolith simulant were successfully determined according to the pressure-sinkage tests and shear tests conducted on the test bed. The effects of the operating parameters on the identification results were also analyzed. The results indicate a feasible scheme for future planetary subsurface exploration.     

A review of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites

SiCp/Al composites have excellent comprehensive properties and have been widely used in aerospace, automotive industry and other fields. Due to the huge difference in performance between SiC particles and matrix alloys, traditional fusion welding methods are difficult to meet the join requirements of SiCp/Al composites. Friction stir joining (friction stir welding), as a solid phase joining process, has been proved to be a new technology with fine prospect in joining SiCp/Al composites compared with fusion welding process. Although some progress has been made in recent years, there are still full of challenges. In this paper, the research status of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites in recent years is expatiated, including the weldability of SiCp/Al composites, the macrostructure and the microstructure of joints, mechanical properties of joints, and tool wear and monitoring. Furthermore, the existing challenges of friction stir joining of SiCp/Al composites are summarized and the future development directions are prospected.     

某机载印制电路板在模拟海洋大气环境中腐蚀行为

根据航空机载设备在装备中的局部使用环境、热带海洋环境特征和主要环境因素影响作用等,设计了印制电摘路板(Printed Circuit Board,PCB)在模拟热带海洋大气环境中的盐雾和交变湿热组合循环试验方案。通过开展 PCB的组合循环试验,采用体式显微镜和 SEM电镜等研究分析了不同试验时间下的 PCB的腐蚀行为和电气性能变化规律。结果表明:PCB的腐蚀主要在焊点、焊盘、印制导线和引线头等金属部位;电气性能受表观腐蚀的影响,其接触电阻在试验后增幅达到 50%且受是否带电试验的影响较小。同层间、异层间绝缘电阻变化规律相似,主要分为 2个阶段:前 1 000 h其绝缘电阻较为平稳;试验 1 000 h后则出现明显的下降趋势,最终降低在 1~4 GΩ之间,且整个循环试验中 PCB均能承受 500 V交流电压 60 s。     

TIG补焊对2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接接头微观组织及性能影响

通过对原始搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）接头中间位置进行缺口挖补以模拟焊缝缺陷,采用钨极氩弧焊（TIG）补焊对其进行焊缝缺陷修复试验,研究该补焊工艺对接头微观组织及力学性能的影响规律,为贮箱的FSW焊缝性能评价提供技术支撑和后续工程指导。结果表明,相较于FSW接头,补焊接头TIG焊缝区主要由较大的等轴树枝晶组成,且与FSW焊缝交界处相互掺杂着粗大等轴晶和细小等轴晶;补焊接头固溶区受热循环影响较大,晶粒较为粗大,而过时效区受热循环影响较小,会发生过时效化并形成软化区。补焊接头抗拉强度与延伸率相较于原始FSW接头有所降低,硬度分布大致呈“W”形,WNZ区为硬度值最低处;补焊接头断裂位置始于焊趾处,断口存在大量韧窝,同时韧窝内存在第二相粒子,呈现韧性断裂机制。     

高温吸波涂层的多目标优化模型设计

大多数高温吸波材料都属于非磁损耗型,单层往往很难达到理想的吸波性能。为解决此问题并优化涂层厚度,通过差分进化算法建立了多层高温吸波涂层的多目标优化模型,重点以8.2～12.4 GHz内反射率RL-10 dB频率带宽和涂层总厚度d为优化目标。设定三种高温吸波材料,研究表明,单层涂层很难达到理想的吸波性能;在单目标优化中,以频率带宽为优化目标,得到了3.2 GHz的有效带宽,吸波性能显著提升;在多目标优化中,同时对涂层总厚度d进行优化,优化结果同单目标相比,在保持良好吸波性能的同时,涂层厚度下降30%,结果表明模型能够优化吸波性能,并最大限度降低厚度。本文建立的模型适用于多种材料,不局限于文中设定的三种材料,能够达到理想的优化结果。     

C/C-ZrC复合材料的制备及结构性能研究

采用针刺及细编穿刺结构分别引入热解碳和沥青碳的多孔C/C坯体,通过反应熔渗工艺（RMI）与熔融金属Zr反应制备了C/C-ZrC复合材料。研究了预制体结构和基体碳类型对C/C-ZrC复合材料微观结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明：材料熔渗后只由C,ZrC两相组成,孔隙率5%~10%,ZrC质量分数53%~63%。针刺结构的C/C坯体熔渗效果更好,制得的C/C-ZrC复合材料密度最高达到3.21 g/cm³;ZrC质量分数达到62.8%。热解碳基体在熔渗过程中对纤维保护作用更好,C/C-ZrC复合材料的弯曲强度达到148 MPa,压缩强度达到408 MPa。     

热机械工艺对Ti-1023合金组织和力学性能的影响

系统研究了热机械工艺对Ti-1023合金组织与性能的影响,获得了较好的热机械工艺.结果表明:对Ti-1023合金进行双重时效(300℃/8h+500℃/16h)处理,低温时效过程中析出的过渡ω相为高温时效过程中次生α相的析出提供均匀的形核点,从而获得弥散分布的次生α相;对该合金进行热轧变形,获得细小的β晶粒组织,同时变...     

作动器输出机构刚度优化设计与仿真分析

作动器输出机构的变形可以看作是输出轴体扭转变形与摇臂变截面悬臂梁变形的综合。从材料力学的角度出发,详细推导了作动器输出机构机械刚度的理论计算方法,并以此理论为依据对作动器输出机构的结构进行优化设计。通过仿真对比确定优化设计的正确性,为工程应用提供了有力的理论支撑。